Berlin

Berlin is one of the most closely studied European cities in terms of its bio-diversity with over 2,000 species of plants recorded. The city has a wide range of ruderal habitats associated with industrial change and the DDR era, including numerous "urban meadows" and so-called "wild urban woodlands" marked by a mix of indigenous and neophyte tree species.

© Matthew Gandy

Extensive mixed oak-alder dominated forests are criss-crossed by a network of canals and streams. In early June large numbers of Apatura ilia can be found drinking from patches of wet mud or wood.